Week 15: Review

 

You have covered a lot of information, and it is time to stop and have a review of that information. This week will consist only of translations as you review all that you have learned so far.

This is the last week that I will include the information in numbers 1-6 of "What you have learned so far"

Questions 1 & 2

1a. Ἔχω δῶρον.

1b. Ἔχω τό δῶρον.

1c. Ἔχω δῶρα.

1d. Ἔχομεν δῶρα.

2a. Ἄνθρωπος λαμβάνει δῶρον.

2b. Ἄνθρωπος λαμβάνει δῶρον Θεοῦ.

2c. Ἄνθρωπος λαμβάνει δῶρον Θεοῦ ἱερῷ.

2d. Ἄνθρωπος λαμβάνει δῶρον Θεοῦ τῷ ἱερῷ.

Answers 1 & 2

1a. I have a gift.

1b. I have the gift.

1c. I have gifts.

1d. We have gifts

2a. A man/person takes/receives a gift.

2b. A man/person takes/receives a gift from God.

2c. A man/person takes/receives a gift from God in a temple.

2d. A man/person takes/receives a gift from God in the temple.

Questions 3 & 4

3a. Χριστός κρίνει τὴν ἀγάπην δούλου.

3b. Δοῦλος κρίνει ἰχθύν.

• This last word is the accusative case of ἰχθύς. It is a 3rd declension noun form that we have not covered yet.

3c. Ὁ δοῦλος κρίνει τὸν ἰχθύν.

3d. Δοῦλοι κρίνουσιν τὸν ἰχθύν.

• Reminder: the nu at the end of κρίνουσιν is a moveable nu. This verb would normally not have the nu, but since the next word begins (or is) a vowel, you add the moveable nu.

3e. Κρίνομεν τὸν ἰχθυν.

3f. Κρίνεις τὸν ἰχθυν.

3g. Κρίνετε τὸν ἰχθυν.

4a. Βλέπεις προφήτην καί υἱον.

• Reminder: προφήτης is a masculine noun but follows 2nd declension (which are feminine) endings. See #5 in week 14.

4b. Βλέπει προφήτην καί υἱον.

4c. Βλέπεις προφήτην ἢ υἱον.

4d. Οὐ βλέπεις προφήτην ἢ υἱον.

4e. Ὁ πατήρ οὐ βλέπεις προφήτην.

4f. Ὁ πατήρ οὐ βλέπεις τόν προφήτην.

• Reminder: Although προφήτης takes 2nd declension endings, it is masculine and so the definite article will be masculine.

4g. Ὁ πατήρ οὐ βλέπεις τοῦς προφήτας.

Answers for 3 & 4

3a. Christ judges the love of the servant/slave.

3b. A servant/slave judges a fish.

3c. The servant/slave judges the fish.

3d. Servants/slaves judge the fish.

3e. We judge the fish.

3f. You (singular) judge the fish.

3g. You (plural) judge the fish.

4a. You (singular) see a prophet and a son.

4b. He/she sees a prophet and a son.

4c. You (singular see a prophet or a son.

4d. You do not see a prophet or a son.

4e. The father does not see a servant.

4g. The father does not see the servants.

Question 5

5a. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ.

5b. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ και λέγω λόγον ἀγάπης.

5c. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ και λέγω λόγοι ἀγάπων.

5d. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ και λέγω λόγοι ἀγάπων τῷ τεκνῳ.

5e. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ και λέγω λόγοι ἀγάπων τοῖς τεκνοῖς.

5f. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ και λέγω λόγοι ἀγάπων τοῖς τεκνοῖς τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ.

5g. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ και λέγω λόγοι ἀγάπων τοῖς τεκνοῖς τῶν ἀδελφῶν.

5h. Εἰμι δοῦλον Θεοῦ και λέγω λόγοι ἀγάπων τοῖς τεκνοῖς τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῇ βασιλείᾳ

Answers for 5

5a. I am a servant of God.

5b. I am a servant of God and I say/speak a word of love.

5c. I am a servant of God and I say/speak words of love.

5d. I am a servant of God and I say/speak words of love to the child.

5e. I am a servant of God and I say/speak words of love to the children.

5f. I am a servant of God and I say/speak words of love to the children of the brother.

5g. I am a servant of God and I say/speak words of love to the children of the brothers.

5h. I am a servant of God and I say/speak words of love to the children of the brothers in the kingdom.

Questions 6 & 7

6a. Οἱ υἱός τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τοῦ ἂγγελου ἀκούει Ἰησοῦς.

6b. Οἱ υἱοι τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τοῦ ἂγγελου ἀκούουσιν Ἰησοῦς.

6c. Οἱ υἱοι τῶν ἀδελφῶν τοῦ ἂγγελου ἀκούουσιν Ἰησοῦς.

6d. Οἱ υἱοι τῶν ἀδελφῶν τῶν ἂγγελων ἀκούουσιν Ἰησοῦς.

7a. Εἰμι βασιλείᾳ.

7b. Εἶ βασιλείᾳ.

7c. Ἐστί βασιλείᾳ.

7d. Ἐσμέν βασιλείᾳ.

7e. Ἐστέ βασιλείᾳ.

7f. Εἰσί βασιλείᾳ.

Answers to 6 & 7

6a. The son of the brother of the messenger hears Jesus.

6b. The sons of the brother of the messenger hear Jesus.

6c. The sons of the brothers of the messenger hears Jesus.

6d. The sons of the brothers of the messengers hear Jesus.

7a. I am in a kingdom

7b. You (singular) are in a kingdom.

7c. He/She/It is in a kingdom.

7d. We are in a kingdom.

7e. You (plural) are in a kingdom.

7f. They are in a kingdom.

What you have learned so far

1. Alphabet

Greek small	Greek capital	English
α	Α	alpha	short a
β	Β	beta	b
γ	Γ	gamma	g
δ	Δ	delta	d
ε	Ε	epsilon	short e
ζ	Ζ	zeta	z
η	Η	eta	ay
θ	Θ	theta	th
ι	Ι	iota	i/ee
κ	Κ	kappa	k
λ	Λ	lambda	l
μ	Μ	mu	m
ν	Ν	nu	n
ξ	Ξ	xi	x
ο	Ο	omicron	o
π	Π	pi	p
ρ	Ρ	rho	r
σ ς	Σ	sigma	s
τ	Τ	tau	t
υ	Υ	upsilon	u
φ	Φ	phi	ph
χ	Χ	chi	ch
ψ	Ψ	psi	ps
ω	Ω	omega	long o

2. Breathing marks and "h" sound: week 2

3. Accents: week 2

4. Diphthongs from letters we have covered so far:

• ει οι ου υι
• You can memorize them if you want. Or you can wait and I will tell you if each new word has a diphthong or not.

5. Definite article

• ὁ This is the masculine definite article and will be in front of masculine nouns.
• ἡ This is the feminine definite article and will be in front of feminine nouns.
• τό This is the neuter definite article and will be in front of neuter nouns.

6. "A"

• Greek does not have a word for "a."

7. Present Active Indicative endings

PIA	singular	plural
first person	ἔχωI have I am having	ἔχομενwe have we are having
second person	ἔχειςyou (singular) have you are having	ἔχετεyou (plural) have you are having
third person	ἔχειhe/she/it has he/she/it is having	ἔχουσι(ν)they have they are having
	infinitive =>	ἔχεινto have

8. Present active indicative of εἰμί.

PIA	singular	plural
first person	εἰμίI am	ἐσμένwe are
second person	εἶyou (singular) are	ἐστέyou (plural) are
third person	ἐστί(ν)he/she/it is	εἰσί(ν)they are
	infinitive =>	εἶναιto be

9. Masculine definite article: The endings of nouns will be similar

Case	Singular	Plural	Translation
Nominative	ὁ	οἱ	the
Genitive/Ablative	τοῦ	τῶν	of/from the
Dative/Locative/Instrumental	τῷ	τοῖς	to/in/with the
Accusative	τόν	τούς	the

10. Neuter definite article: The endings of nouns will be similar

Case	Singular	Plural	Translation
Nominative N	τό	τά	the
Genitive/Ablative G/A	τοῦ(same as masculine)	τῶν(same as masculine)	of/from the
Dative/Locative/Instrumental D/L/I	τῷ(same as masculine)	τοῖς(same as masculine)	to/in/with the
Accusative A	τό(same as nominative)	τά(same as nominative)	the

11. Feminine definite article: the endings of nouns will be similar.

Case	Singular	Plural	Translation
Nominative N	ἡ	αἱ	the
Genitive/Ablative G/A	τῆς	τῶν	of/from the
Dative/Locative/Instrumental D/L/I	τῇ	ταῖς	to/in/with the
Accusative A	τήν	τάς	the

12. First Declension endings: Feminine

Case	Singular	Translation	Plural	Translation
N	ἀγάπη	love	ἀγάπαι	loves
G/A	ἀγάπης	of/from love	ἀγάπηων	of/from loves
D/L/I	ἀγάπῃ	to/in/with love	ἀγάπαις	to/in/with loves
A	ἀγάπην	love	ἀγάπας	loves

13. Second Declension Endings: Masculine

Case	Singular	Plural
N	ἂνθρωπος	ἂνθρωποι(same ending as the definite article)
G/A	ἀνθρώπου	ἀνθρώπων(same ending as the definite article)
D/L/I	ἀνθρώπῳ	ἀνθρώποις(same ending as the definite article)
A	ἂνθρωπον	ἀνθρώπους(same ending as the definite article)

14. Second Declension Endings: Neuter

Case	Singular	Plural
N	ἱερόν	ἱερά
G/A	ἱεροῦ	ἱερῶν
D/L/I	ἱερῷ	ἱεροῖς
A	ἱερόν	ἱερά

Vocabulary

ἀγάπη, ἡ	love
ἀδελφός, ὁ	brother
ἂγγελος, ὁ	messenger, angel
ἀκούω	I hear
ἂνθρωπος, ὁ	man/human/person/human being
βασιλεία, ἡ	kingdom
βλέπω	I see
γλῶσσα, ἡ	tongue
δοῦλος, ὁ	servant/slave
δῶρον, τό	gift
εἰμί	I am
ἒχω	I have
ἢ	or
ἡμέρα, ἡ	day
θεός, ὁ	God
ἱερόν, τό	temple
Ἰησοῦς	Jesus
ἰχθύς, ὁ	fish
καί	and
καρπός, ὁ	fruit
κρίνω	I judge
λαμβάνω	I take, receive
λέγω	I say or I speak
λόγος, ὁ	word
οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ	not before a consonant, before smooth breathing, before rough breathing
πατήρ, ὁ	father
προφήτης, ὁ	prophet
σωτήρ, ὁ	savior
τέκνον, τό	child
υἱός, ὁ	son
Χριστός, ὁ	Christ