Tobit


Date of Composition

  • Second century BC.
  • The main character's dates to 720-700 BC, since it discussed Assyria conquering the northern kingdom of Israel.

Classification

  • Deuterocanonical (means "secondary or less sacred scripture") for Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and some Anglican, Lutheran, and Anabaptist churches.
  • Apocrypha for most Protestant churches.

Length

  • 17 double-spaced pages

Summary

  • Tobit lived in the northern country of Israel, was taken captive, and placed in Nineveh when the Assyrians overran the northern Israelite kingdom. While in exile, he became blind and prayed to die. He remembered a large amount of money he had in Media and sent his son, Tobiah, to fetch it.
  • Meanwhile, in Media, Sarah prayed to die since all seven of her husbands had died on their wedding nights, each killed by the demon Asmodeus.
  • God decided to intercede in the lives of Tobit and Sarah and sent his angel Raphael in human form. Tobiah and Raphael (without being recognized) traveled to Media.
  • A large fish attacked Tobiah as he bathed in a river. Tobiah killed the fish and kept some of its internal organs, as they were useful as medicine.
  • After reaching Media, Tobiah met and decided to marry Sarah. Asmodeus fled to Egypt after smelling the fish, where Raphael tied and left him. Tobiah then married Sarah and returned to Nineveh.
  • He used the fish's liver and heart to heal his father's blindness. Raphael shared that he was an angel and left for heaven.
  • Tobit told Tobiah to leave Nineveh because God would destroy it. After Tobit and his wife died and were buried, Tobiah and Sarah moved to Media, later learning that Nineveh was destroyed.

Noteworthy from the book

  • Why include it? A central theme in the book is faithfulness: Tobit being faithful to God and God being faithful as a response and caring for Tobit.
  • This would be a story of hope to Jews in the Diaspora: retain your Jewish heritage, and God will bless you.

© 2024 Mark Nickens